• English
  • Products

    Protocol Exercisers & Analyzers

    • Storage
    • PCIe Protocol Analyzer
    • UFS 4.0 Protocol Analyzer
    • UFS 3.0 Protocol Analyzer
    • SoC based UFS Tester
    • eMMC,SD,SDIO Protocol Analyzer
    • SD, eMMC AC/DC Tester
    • SoC based eMMC Tester
    • QSPI Protocol Exerciser & Analyzer
    • UHS II Protocol Exerciser & Analyzer
    • Mobile
    • I3C Protocol Exerciser & Analyzer
    • RFFE Protocol Exerciser & Analyzer
    • Automotive
    • 100Base-T1 Automotive Ethernet Protocol Analyzer

    Protocol Exercisers & Analyzers

    • Computer
    • PCIe Protocol Analyzer
    • UART Protocol Exerciser & Analyzer
    • SPMI Protocol Exerciser & Analyzer
    • Others
    • I2C/SPI Protocol Exerciser & Analyzer
    • PMBus Protocol Exerciser & Analyzer
    • JTAG Protocol Exerciser & Analyzer
    • SMBus Protocol Exerciser & Analyzer
    • MDIO Protocol Exerciser & Analyzer
    • 100G 802.3_2015 BERT & Analyzer

    Logic Analyser

    • Discovery series for Embedded Interface

    Oscilloscope Based Software

    • Memory
    • UFS 3.0
    • QSPI
    • ONFI v4
    • eMMC 5.1/5.0/4.51
    • SD
    • Automotive
    • 10BaseT1S
    • 100Base T1
    • FlexRay
    • Others
    • I2C
    • SPI
    • UART
    • I2S
    • JTAG
    • SMBus

    Oscilloscope oftware

    • Computer
    • USB-PD
    • USB 2.0
    • USB 3.0
    • USB 3.1
    • STEPg1
    • PCIe
    • SPMI
    • HDMI
    • MHL
    • ESPI
    • Mobile
    • I3C EV
    • I3C PD
    • UniPRO
    • LLI
    • RFFE
    • HSIC
    • DigRF v4
    • SSIC
  • Resources

    Datasheets

    Application Notes

    Videos

    • Protocol Analyzer
    • Logic Analyzer

    blogs

    Forum

    Prodigy Partner Central

    • Login
  • Company

    Overview

    • About Us
    • Leadership Team

    Distributors

    • I2C
    • I3C
    • Other Protocols

    News

    • News
    • Automotive

    events

    • Webinar

    Newsletters

    • Automotive
  • Career
  • Support
What can we help you find?
  • Products

    Protocol Exercisers & Analyzers

    • Storage
    • PCIe Protocol Analyzer
    • UFS 4.0 Protocol Analyzer
    • UFS 3.0 Protocol Analyzer
    • SoC based UFS Tester
    • eMMC,SD,SDIO Protocol Analyzer
    • SD, eMMC AC/DC Tester
    • SoC based eMMC Tester
    • QSPI Protocol Exerciser & Analyzer
    • UHS II Protocol Exerciser & Analyzer
    • Mobile
    • I3C Protocol Exerciser & Analyzer
    • RFFE Protocol Exerciser & Analyzer
    • Automotive
    • 100Base-T1 Automotive Ethernet Protocol Analyzer

    Protocol Exercisers & Analyzers

    • Computer
    • PCIe Protocol Analyzer
    • UART Protocol Exerciser & Analyzer
    • SPMI Protocol Exerciser & Analyzer
    • Others
    • I2C/SPI Protocol Exerciser & Analyzer
    • PMBus Protocol Exerciser & Analyzer
    • JTAG Protocol Exerciser & Analyzer
    • SMBus Protocol Exerciser & Analyzer
    • MDIO Protocol Exerciser & Analyzer
    • 100G 802.3_2015 BERT & Analyzer

    Logic Analyser

    • Discovery series for Embedded Interface

    Oscilloscope Based Software

    • Memory
    • UFS 3.0
    • QSPI
    • ONFI v4
    • eMMC 5.1/5.0/4.51
    • SD
    • Automotive
    • 10BaseT1S
    • 100Base T1
    • FlexRay
    • Others
    • I2C
    • SPI
    • UART
    • I2S
    • JTAG
    • SMBus

    Oscilloscope oftware

    • Computer
    • USB-PD
    • USB 2.0
    • USB 3.0
    • USB 3.1
    • STEPg1
    • PCIe
    • SPMI
    • HDMI
    • MHL
    • ESPI
    • Mobile
    • I3C EV
    • I3C PD
    • UniPRO
    • LLI
    • RFFE
    • HSIC
    • DigRF v4
    • SSIC
  • Resources

    Datasheets

    Application Notes

    Videos

    • Protocol Analyzer
    • Logic Analyzer

    blogs

    Forum

    Prodigy Partner Central

    • Login
  • Company

    Overview

    • About Us
    • Leadership Team

    Distributors

    • I2C
    • I3C
    • Other Protocols

    News

    • News
    • Automotive

    events

    • Webinar

    Newsletters

    • Automotive
  • Career
  • Support
  • English
SDIO-Secure-Digital-Input-Output

SDIO Protocol:

SDIO Protocol is a widely used Bus for the interfacing modem (device) to the application processor (Host). SDIO Protocol is used for Data exchange between host and device. Initially, the SDIO Protocol bus used operates at 50MHz (SD2.0) Specification. The current generation system uses a 200MHz (UHS I) SD3.0 bus.

Like SD, SDIO Protocol capable host generates the Clock Signal at 400 kHz and scales up to the specific frequency as per the standard supported by the device. The Host issues specific commands over the CMD line and decides the next course of action based on the Response received by the Device. SDIO uses either 1-bit or 4-bit data transfer between the host and the device.

SDIO Introduction:

SDIO offers extended capability to what the SD Card offers by providing High-Speed Data I/O Functions separately or combined with memory capability within the Card. Host devices supporting SDIO can connect the SD Slot with I/O devices like Bluetooth, Wireless LAN, GPS Receiver, Digital Camera, etc. As many as seven Functions can be mapped into the SDIO I/O.

SDIO Interface Bus:

SDIO Protocol, SDIO interfaces, SDIO Protocol analyzer

SDIO Bus has a clock, command, and 4-bit data bus-wide. SDIO provides the flexibility to switch at different speeds ranging 25MHz to 200MHz, bus mode in SDR /DDR, and bus width at 1-bit or 4-bit. This offers an application to use the bus-appropriate mode without consuming many system resources and power.

SDIO card types and data rates:

SDIO supports multiple card types with different Data Rates and Signaling Modes.

The below table provides a detailed comparison of different SDIO Interfaces along with Maximum Data Rates supported and Signaling Levels.

SDIO Card Type Mode Interface Clock Range Maximum Data Rate Signaling Mode
Non UHS Low Speed SPI 0-400 KHz 200 KB/s 3.3 V
1-Bit SD
Optional 4-Bit SD
Non UHS Full Speed SPI 0 -25 MHz 12.5 MB/s
1-Bit SD
4-Bit SD
Non UHS High Speed 4-Bit SD 0 – 50 MHz 25 MB/s
UHS-I Full Speed SPI 0 -25 MHz 12.5 MB/s 3.3V
1-Bit SD
4-Bit SD
High Speed 4-Bit SD 0 – 25 MHz 25 MB/s 3.3V
SDR12 4-Bit SD 0 -208 MHz 12.5 MB/s 1.8V
SDR25 4-Bit SD 25 MB/s
SDR50 4-Bit SD 50 MB/s
DDR50 4-Bit SD 50 MB/s
SDR104 4-Bit SD 104 MB/s
UHS-II * FD156 4-Bit SD 0-52 MHz 156 MB/s 0.4V LVDS
HD312 4-Bit SD 312 MB/s

 

  • UHS-II is backward compatible with UHS-I.
  • Prodigy supports up to UHS-I Protocol Analysis with PGY-SSM and UHS-II Protocol Analysis with PGY UHS-II Protocol Analyzer.

SDIO Command Set: Theory of Operations

SDIO introduces IO_SEND_OP_COND (CMD5) to inquire about the Voltage Range needed by the I/O Card. SDIO also adds two more data transfer Command instructions to support the I/O functionality. These Commands are IO_RW_DIRECT (CMD52) is a Fast I/O access command and IO_RW_EXTENDED (CMD53) allows Fast access with Byte or Block addresses.

CMD5: IO_SEND_OP_COND

SDIO Protocol, SDIO interfaces, SDIO Protocol analyzer

  • CMD5 is identified by 6-bit Command Index set at 000101b.
  • The supported minimum and maximum values of VDD are set in the I/O OCR Register which is a 24-bit Register in CMD5.
  • S18R is the Switching to 1.8V request bit

R4: Response to IO_SEND_OP_COND

SDIO Protocol, SDIO interfaces, SDIO Protocol analyzer

  • I/O Functions is a 3-bit field and indicates the number of I/O Functions supported by the Card.
  • S18A is set indicating switching to 1.8V is accepted by the device.
  • I/O OCR indicates the supported Range of Voltages supported.

CMD52: IO_RW_DIRECT

SDIO Protocol, SDIO interfaces, SDIO Protocol analyzer

The following operations are accomplished by CMD52 in SDIO by writing into specific bits in Common Command Code Register in Common I/O Area (CIA), which otherwise uses separate Commands in SD.

  • I/O Reset
  • Abort Block Transfer
  • Set Block Length in Function Basic Register (FBR)
  • Set Bus Width.

CMD53: IO_RW_EXTENDED

CMD53 provides the option to Read and Write multiple I/O Registers with a Single Command.

The Read and Write Single/Multiple Blocks is accomplished with the CMD53 command, unlike SD Card which uses multiple commands to accomplish this.

Challenges in SDIO Protocol Debug  

IP development cycle would include IP RTL design and verification, Prototyping, tape out, electrical and Protocol Validation, driver software validation, and reliable system operation. At different stages, design and test/verification engineers face different types of bugs in the product. These are caused due to design, manufacturing processes, Operating Systems, and interoperability problems. A Firmware validation team would require the Protocol Analyzer to verify the effectiveness of the SDIO Controller Driver for a specific Operating System. To locate and identify these design bugs, a testing tool such as Protocol Analyzer plays a significant role. In the case of SDIO, based on electrical characteristics and Protocol, it offered significant challenges to debugging SDIO Protocol.

SD, SDIO Protocol Analyzer addresses the challenges effectively with Unlimited Protocol Capture Memory and a simple and easy-to-use GUI that provides a Listing Window of the decoded Protocol along with important features to locate specific User Events, Custom views, Advanced Triggers, Pin-Point Errors, Statistical analysis and Pictorial Protocol information with Histograms and Trend plots. This coupled with Offline Trace analysis capability makes PGY-SSM a versatile solution for multiple teams in different locations.

 

 SDIO Protocol, SDIO interfaces, SDIO Protocol analyzer

PGY-SSM Probe setup with DUT

 

 

 SDIO Protocol, SDIO interfaces, SDIO Protocol analyzer

 

Image of Emmc Protocol Analyzer

  • Previous Triggering Fundamentals – Logic Analyzer Triggers
  • Next I2C vs SPI

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

You must be logged in to post a comment.

Recent Posts

  • PCIe Sideband signal operation during lower Power entry and exit
  • PCIe Side Band Signals functionalities at power on state of PCIe interface
  • UFS 4.0 in Automotive: Powering Next-Generation Vehicles
  • Understanding Clock Stretching in I²C Communication and How PGY-I2C-EX-PD Simplifies Debugging
  • Innovative Probing Solutions for UFS 2.1/2.2/3.1/4.0 Protocol Analysis

Recent Comments

No comments to show.

Archives

  • May 2025
  • April 2025
  • March 2025
  • October 2024
  • August 2024
  • July 2024
  • February 2024
  • December 2023
  • June 2023
  • May 2023
  • January 2021
  • November 2020
  • April 2020
  • September 2019

Categories

  • All products
  • Automotive
  • Datasheet
  • Device
  • Differences
  • eMMC
  • I2C
  • I3C
  • Logic Analyzer
  • Memory
  • news
  • PCIe
  • Protocols
  • SPI
  • UFS
  • Uncategorized
  • XSPI Protocol Analyzer

Search

Categories

  • All products
  • Automotive
  • Datasheet
  • Device
  • Differences
  • eMMC
  • I2C
  • I3C
  • Logic Analyzer
  • Memory
  • news
  • PCIe
  • Protocols
  • SPI
  • UFS
  • Uncategorized
  • XSPI Protocol Analyzer

Tags

Clock Stretching DDR5 I2C I3C I3C Protocol Logic Analyzer Passed PCIe UFS UFS 4.0 Webinar

Our team represents a talented, experienced, and highly specialized group of development engineers, sales and marketing specialists. Through many years of direct engineering involvement with our customers, our personnel have developed expertise in wide range of technologies in serial data.

Follow us on

Linkedin Twitter Facebook Youtube

Quick links

  • Products
  • Resources
  • Company
  • Career
  • Support

Contact info

Prodigy Technovations Pvt Ltd

#294, 3rd Floor, 7th Cross, 7th Main, BTM II Stage,Bangalore – 560 076 | India

+91 80 4212 6100

contact@prodigytechno.com

© 2023 Prodigy Technovations. All Rights Reserved

Request Quote
Request Demo

UFS 4.0

 

PGY-UFS4.0-PA, UFS Protocol Analyzer is the industry-first working and tested UFS4.0 Protocol Analyzer. It offers protocol data capture and debugging of data across MPHY, UniPro, and UFS protocol layers…

 

X
  • English